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SEIZURES IN DOGS: CAUSES, PHASES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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Throughout the life of our pets, it is normal for certain diseases to appear in their body. Depending on the breed, the frequency of these will be higher or lower. However, there are pathologies that we do not expect because they are rare. Seizures in dogs can fit perfectly into this group.

But what is considered a canine seizure? This type of pathology appears when the brain of our pet becomes unbalanced, causing a failure in the excitation and inhibition signals of its neurons. This situation causes the brain to send electric shocks that result in the dog’s attacks.

What are the symptoms in which this pathology manifests itself? Seizures in dogs are evident when they have tremors, strong shaking, and heavy drooling. Depending on the breed, age, subsequent attacks, physical condition, and history of injuries of the dog, our pet will have a greater chance of suffering some type of seizure. Learn more about seizures in dogs in this article!

CAUSES OF SEIZURES IN DOGS

Seizures are not symptoms that are related to a single disease or cause. One of the complications caused by this type of neuronal dysfunction is the large number of pathologies to which it can be related. The conditions that can be associated with this symptom are the following:

– EPILEPSY

From the first moment they appear, seizures are commonly associated with epilepsy. Although it is usually one of the most well-known and widespread pathologies, it is not necessary to make hasty diagnoses without a veterinary evaluation.

The first epileptic seizures occur in dogs from six months to five years of age. We are talking about a hereditary disease that causes loss of consciousness, prostration, pedaling, salivation, defecation, urination, and – the aforementioned – seizures.

– ENCEPHALITIS OR MENINGITIS

Inflammation of the brain or meninx can be two causes that lead to your dog’s seizure. They are usually caused by a viral infection such as canine distemper, ehrlichiosis, or toxoplasmosis.

– METABOLIC DISEASES

These pathologies are varied and cause quite significant losses in dog metabolism: hepatitis, hyperlipoproteinemia, hyperthermia, hypocalcemia, etc.

– CARDIOVASCULAR ACCIDENTS

With these types of abnormalities, the amount of blood that reaches the brain is not ideal, resulting in the cardiovascular failure in dogs. Some examples of these types of accidents are strokes and brain hemorrhages.

– CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS

One of the most common is hydrocephalus, a disorder that consists of an abnormal increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the cavities of the brain. This liquid is responsible for eliminating the waste produced by the continuous functioning of the nervous system. It is a common pathology in the following breeds: Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua, Pomeranian, Toy Poodle, Boston Terrier, and Maltese.

– BRAIN TUMOR

In the worst-case scenario for our faithful companion, a tumor may be behind such seizures in dogs. The appearance of the tumor can damage the brain mass and cause this type of abnormal behavior.

– SUBSTANCE USE INTOXICATION

The chemical components of this type of substance damage the brain of our pet. Antifreeze for cars, toxic pesticides, external dewormers, lead, cyanide, or metaldehyde, among others, head the harmful substances for our pet.

– HEAD TRAUMA

A blow stronger than normal can lead to seizures that our dog has not experienced to date. Faced with any of these causes, the most advisable thing is, without a doubt, to go to the vet and give us a clear diagnosis.

PHASES OF SEIZURES IN DOGS

In general, in seizures, several stages can be contemplated that will allow us to detect in advance what happens to our dog and, in this way, be more likely to guarantee its health. Read carefully the three phases that we show you!

– PRE-STROKE PHASE

Its duration varies from a few minutes to several days. The dog begins to behave strangely and is nervous for no apparent reason. Some of the symptoms of this phase are tremors, confusion, incoordination, and excessive salivation.

– STROKE PHASE

It is a period that can last several seconds or minutes. Represents the beginning of the attack. The dog usually loses consciousness and falls sideways to the ground. Then he begins to pedal unconsciously. In addition, the dog is likely to vomit, urinate, and defecate.

– POST-STROKE PHASE

It is a stage that will allow us to measure how intense the seizure our dog has suffered has been. It is likely that, if it has been strong enough, the dog will manifest certain consequences that will last several days: confusion, blindness, tremors, etc.

HOW TO ACT BEFORE AN ATTACK OF SEIZURES IN DOGS?

It is logical and normal that in a situation of these characteristics, nervousness takes hold of us. As it is something that we do not expect, it is likely that we will not act in an appropriate way. Therefore, we show you everything you should do and everything you should avoid when your dog suffers a seizure.

– WHAT SHOULD I DO IF MY DOG ​​HAS A SEIZURE?

Staying calm is the first thing to do. In extreme circumstances of this type, we will think much better if we keep our minds calm and without nerves. Once we are calm, we will have to remove any object that is near our dog so that it does not hurt itself.

Once the attack has passed, it is important that we move our pet to a cool and ventilated place, otherwise, its recovery could worsen. Immediately afterward, what you should do is take your faithful companion to the nearest vet. With a precious professional diagnosis, you will be able to discover what caused the dog’s seizure.

In the days, weeks, and months that follow, you must administer the relevant medication prescribed by your vet to your dog. It is important to be consistent in this regard. If, even so, the attacks continue, it will be necessary to take him back to the vet.

– WHAT SHOULDN’T YOU DO?

In full attack, a common behavior on the part of the owners is to try to grab the dog so that it does not wobble. This is a clear error, since – apart from the fact that the seizure is not going to stop – the dog is not conscious at that moment and could injure the person (through a bite or scratch). Nor should food or water be given to the dog in full seizure.

In none of the ways is it convenient to place objects that provide heat to the dog . Therefore, you should avoid covering him with blankets, sheets, clothing, etc. Finally, medications that have not been prescribed by the veterinarian should not be given to the dog either. Don’t do diagnostics on your own!

Seizures in dogs, in most cases, cannot be avoided. For this reason, from Pet and Health, we recommend that you have a trusted veterinarian so that you can take care of your dog in the best possible way. If you don’t have any, remember that on our website there is a wide network of professionals and centers.

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The Importance of High-Quality Veterinary Equipment for Safe Anesthesia

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Outfitting your veterinary practice with the right equipment is essential for safe and effective care. The best veterinary equipment makes your job easier by reducing stress for pets and hospital staff members.

Developing MQS around anesthesia is challenging because mortality rates are relatively rare events within hospitals. However, implementation and ongoing focus on these processes can significantly improve patient safety.

Anesthesia Machines

The anesthesia machine is the most important piece of veterinary equipment for delivering anesthesia. These machines mix anesthetic agents with oxygen and air to give to the patient during a procedure.

Modern veterinary anesthesia machines are largely automated and more complex than the knob-and-tube models on which many providers were trained. They have hundreds of parts and features that ensure the safety of your patients.

Some of today’s anesthesia machines are equipped with ventilators that, in some cases, can provide life-sustaining mechanical ventilation in the event of respiratory failure. This makes them an obvious backup in the COVID-19 pandemic when operating rooms are only used for emergency surgery and ICU ventilators are unavailable. Verify that your anesthesia machine has adequate power and can ventilate your patients if necessary.

Ventilation

Veterinary surgery requires specific tools and equipment, including surgical clamps, suction machines, scalpel blades, forceps and retractors. In addition, veterinary clinics also need various other supplies and medical equipment for diagnosing animal patients.

X-ray machines help veterinarians diagnose illnesses quickly and accurately by taking digital images of the inside of the body. These tools can be used to see skeletal abnormalities, identify tumors and determine organ disease.

Veterinarians also use ultrasound machines to view the internal organs of animals. These devices allow them to examine inner tissue without invasive surgery or sedation. Another essential piece of veterinary equipment is a specialized stethoscope, which can bypass fur and animal muscle to hear an animal’s heartbeat or lungs. Plasma and gas sterilizers keep veterinary tools and medical supplies clean and contamination-free.

Monitoring

While no piece of equipment can replace a skilled veterinary professional, monitoring equipment can help evaluate the condition of patients under anesthesia. These monitors include blood pressure, capnography, and pulse oximetry.

Anesthetic monitors have standard alarm limits set by the anesthesia machine that alert you to a change in respiratory rate and pressure. These limits can be manually changed depending on the clinical situation.

Circulatory system monitoring is also important. A stethoscope may be sufficient in some cases. Still, other monitoring equipment is necessary for more advanced evaluations of cardiovascular function, such as a blood pressure monitor and a vascular Doppler.

Deep anesthesia monitoring is recommended by many societies and organizations as an important adjunct to clinical observation by a vigilant anesthetist. However, evidence of its effectiveness needs to be more extensive.

Anesthesia Supplies

Veterinary clinics require a wide range of equipment to provide high-quality care. High-quality veterinary anesthesia machines ensure animals receive sufficient oxygen, ventilation and breathing while under anesthesia. They also mix anesthetics according to predetermined amounts, minimizing risk for the pet.

X-ray machines provide a quick and non-invasive way for vets to diagnose conditions without requiring anesthetics or invasive exams. Using digital X-rays allows veterinarians to see more details of the organs and tissues inside a patient’s body, helping them make more accurate diagnoses.

Autoclave steam sterilization is critical to any veterinary clinic, ensuring that medical tools are sterilized and disinfected. This protects pets from contamination and extends the life of the instrument. It also helps reduce the risk of organic fluids, solvents, and cleaners wearing down commonly used tools.

Anesthesia Safety

Veterinary clinics require a wide range of equipment to provide safe and effective medical care. From exam tables and lights to autoclaves, high-quality tools and technology are vital for providing top-quality care for pet patients. Keeping this equipment in excellent condition requires regular maintenance. Protocols established by medical institutions guarantee that anesthesia workstations are kept clean, contaminant-free, and working optimally.

All anesthesia providers should strive to meet the highly recommended standards and exceed those of the Suggested Standards. This includes setting/infrastructure specifications and clinical and professional practice standards.

Anesthesia is a medical service and should be delivered by trained professionals with full clinical and administrative autonomy. This may be impossible in some situations due to facility/infrastructure limitations. In these situations, it is highly recommended to implement and use systems that promote open real-time communication between anesthesia providers, proceduralists, and other staff.

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Pet Insurance Cost: Identifying What’s Right for Your Needs

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You love your pet. So of course you want to be able to help them in their times of need—especially when they are sick or injured. 

This is where pet insurance can really come in handy, as it can really help when it comes to the medical expenses you may enure.

While back in the day getting pet insurance was not the norm, it is becoming more and more common and needed for pet owners. Life is already expensive, and the pet insurance cost is far less ultimately than having to cover medical bills all on your own.

In fact, recent studies show that on average pet owners pay around $30-60 for their monthly fee and will get around $5,000 worth of coverage annually.

But identifying what you and your pet need in an insurance plan are really important, as not all are created equal. So it is important to do your research ahead of time and understand the breakdown so you truly understand what you are signing yourself up for.

The Treatment Costs for Pets

It can really vary in terms of costs you need to be prepared to pay for, as it really comes down to what type of medical care your pet may need. It can range from cancer treatments and kidney disease to dental work and ingestion of foreign objects. Some treatments can cost a few hundred dollars. Others can cost a few thousand dollars.

Depending on the breed of your pet, some come with the risk of developing hereditary diseases, such as certain dogs being more prone to hip dysplasia. So you will certainly want to keep this in mind too when identifying the support you need with pet insurance.

Understanding What is Covered

So what exactly is covered when it comes to pet insurance coverage? There are a ton of different plans and options. The most basic plan is generally accidents and illnesses. Under this plan, you will be able to get coverage for broken bones, dental work, emergency care, surgeries, and mediation.

Remember though that some plans are specific to just accidents, or just illnesses. Make sure you understand what exactly is going to be covered. Because if you have illness-only coverage and your pet gets in an accident and needs surgery, the plan you have may not support you with the end costs.

Diving into Deductibles

Just like human health insurance, pet insurance policies come with a set deductible amount that you will have to cover before your insurance kicks in. In general, this can range from anywhere between $50 to $1,000.

There will either be an annual deductible that you will need to cover every year your policy is in place. Once you pay the deductible for the year, you will not have to pay it until the following year. Or, there is a per-condition deductible where it is a case-by-case scenario. This means you will pay a deductible for a specific treatment or need and your insurance will either cover the rest or reimburse you for the rest. In general, the best insurance options will cover at least 90% of the costs.

Weighing Up the Costs

The actual cost of your pet insurance will really come down to the specifics of your pet. In some cases, coverage per year can be under a thousand dollars. But in other scenarios, it can be more than that.

The actual premium prices are based on a variety of factors. This includes the breed of your pet, the age of your pet, the gender of your pet, and the area that you live in. The price will also vary with different insurance providers, so you should certainly shop around and get a few different quotes first.

How to Decide if It’s Worth It

When it all comes down to it in the end, you need to weigh up the odds of paying a monthly premium fee versus saving to hopefully cover unexpected events in the future.

Often, the premium payments will be far less than a shockingly huge medical bill you were not expecting. Even if you have set aside a savings account for your pet, you never know when the accident will happen or how much you will actually need.

The main goal of pet insurance is to have some peace of mind during stressful medical events. You should never have to be choosing between going into debt versus helping out your furry friend.

When looking at what is right for your needs, make sure to really think about your finances, your budget, your pet’s needs, and the other things in life you also need to save for.

Pet insurance makes your life and your pet’s life better on so many levels. So why not invest a bit upfront for the assurance you can provide your furry friend with a great life and take care of them the way you want! 

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7 tips to take care of the HEALTH OF YOUR DOG IN SUMMER

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Quadrupeds with darker fur absorb more heat . Here are some tips on how to make summer more bearable and enjoyable for your dog.

1. Do not subject it to the sun

Take your dog for walks in the early morning and in the evening , once the sun has set. He walks at an easy pace, takes breaks, carries water, and walks in the shade whenever you can.

2. Hydration, always hydration

In addition to water, you can also offer your dog electrolyte water alternatives, such as unsalted buttermilk, frozen treats, fruit, and coconut water . By the way, it is NOT a good idea to give a dog human energy drinks.

It is normal for appetite to decrease or be lost during the heat, so you can include liquids such as broth, curd or buttermilk with meals . It is also very important to leave the house with a special drinker or bottle for dogs if the walk is going to be longer than normal, and take breaks to drink.

3. Watch out for signs of dehydration

Dogs panting is part of their cooling mechanism. It is advisable to go to the veterinarian if any of the following symptoms are detected :

  • Excessive drooling.
  • Difficulty breathing.
  • Bloodshot eyes.
  • Increased heart rate.
  • Concern.
  • Dry and inelastic skin.

4. Cools down your body temperature

It’s important to keep your pet’s temperature down a bit during the summer. For this you can use a damp towel for the dog to lie on after walking, wipe him down with a cool damp cloth making sure his paws, belly, armpits and the back of his head are clean and wet .

There are also cooler alternatives like going to a dog pool . Also, if you see your dog digging a hole, let him. It is another way for dogs to cool off .

5.  Do not leave your dog in the car

The car retains more heat than the outside area even if it is parked in the shade . Your dog’s temperature can rise rapidly and cause serious cases of heat stroke, collapse and death, in less time than we think. It is quite logical, but every year you see cases like this in the news in the summer… A little bit of please!!

6. Check daily for fleas and ticks

Warm weather is a haven for fleas and ticks , so check your dog daily and change his bedding frequently.

7. Do not remove the hair

There is an idea that shaving a dog’s hair can help them stay cool in the summer, but this is not the case. The layers of hair help protect the dog from overheating and sunburn . It will get hotter even if it is left without its natural fur.

Yes, it is advisable to brush it and remove layers of dead hair, and perhaps clean it up, but never shave. Our dog grooming experts can come to your home and help you keep your dog fresh and healthy.

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